N.D.R.Ev.
RULE 410. OFFER TO PLEAD GUILTY; NOLO CONTENDERE;
WITHDRAWN
PLEA OF GUILTY PLEAS, PLEA DISCUSSIONS, AND RELATED
STATEMENTS Evidence of a plea of guilty, later withdrawn, or a plea of nolo
contendere, or of an offer
to plead guilty or nolo contendere to the crime charged or any other crime, or of statements
made in connection with and relevant to any of the foregoing withdrawn pleas or offers, is
not admissible in any civil or criminal proceeding against the person who made the plea or
offer.
(a) Prohibited Uses. In a civil or criminal case, evidence of the following is not admissible against the defendant who made the plea or participated in the plea discussions:
(1) a guilty plea that was later withdrawn;
(2) a nolo contendere plea;
(3) a statement made during a proceeding on either of those pleas under Fed.R.Crim.P. 11, N.D.R.Crim.P. 11, or comparable procedure in another state; or
(4) a statement made during plea discussions with an attorney for the prosecuting authority if the discussions did not result in a guilty plea or they resulted in a later-withdrawn guilty plea.
This rule does not apply to the
introduction of voluntary and reliable statements made in
court on the record in connection with any of the foregoing pleas or offers where offered for
impeachment purposes or in a subsequent prosecution of the declarant for perjury or false
statement, but only if in any case the statement was made under oath, on the record, and in
the presence of counsel.
(b) Exceptions. The court may admit a statement described in Rule 410(a)(3) or (4):
(1) in any proceeding in which another statement made during the same plea or plea discussions has been introduced, if in fairness the statements ought to be considered together; or
(2) in a criminal proceeding for perjury or false statement, if the defendant made the statement under oath, on the record, and with counsel present.
EXPLANATORY NOTE
Rule 410 was amended, effective__________________.
Rule 410 governs the admissibility of
withdrawn guilty pleas, pleas of nolo contendere, or
offers to plead against the person making the plea or offer. The rule prohibits admission of
the pleas and offers themselves, and of statements made in connection with and relevant to
the withdrawn pleas or offers. The emphasized language was added by the committee
to
insure that only Only discussion necessary to negotiation is
protected.
The Rule
410 does not prohibit the use of plea-related statements when offered for
impeachment purposes or in a subsequent prosecution against the defendant for perjury or
false statement if the statement was made under oath, on the record, and in the presence of
counsel.
It should be noted that the
latest amendment to Rule 410, P.L. 94-149(9), 89 Stat. 805
(1975), does not allow use of plea-related evidence for impeachment purposes, and allows
such evidence to be admitted in a subsequent prosecution for perjury or false statement only
if the statement was made under oath, on the record, and in the presence of
counsel.
Rule 410 was amended, effective ______________, in response to the December 1, 2011, revision of the Federal Rules of Evidence. The language and organization of the rule were changed to make the rule more easily understood and to make style and terminology consistent throughout the rules. There is no intent to change any result in any ruling on evidence admissibility.
Sources: Joint Procedure Committee
Minutes: of___________________; June 4, 1976,
page 37; April 8, 1976, page 24; October 1, 1975, page 4. Rule
Fed.R.Ev. 410, Federal
Rules of Evidence; Rule 410, SBAND proposal.
Statutes Affected:
Considered: N.D.C.C. §§ 29-21-38, 33-12-24.