N.D.R.Civ.P.
RULE 16. PRETRIAL CONFERENCES, SCHEDULING, MANAGEMENT
(a) Purposes of a Pretrial conferences;
objectives Conference. The In any action,
the court
in its discretion may, and upon the occurrence of
when any of the triggering events specified
in subdivision Rule 16 (b),
occur must, direct order the attorneys for
the parties and any
unrepresented self-represented parties to appear
before it in person, telephonically, or by
other electronic means, for a conference one or more
pretrial conferences in advance of trial
for such purposes as:
(1) expediting the disposition of the
action;
(2) establishing early and continuing control so that the case will not be protracted because of lack of management;
(3) discouraging wasteful pretrial activities;
(4) improving the quality of the trial through more thorough preparation;
(5) facilitating the settlement of the
case; and
(6) discussing the desirability of using an
alternative dispute resolution process.
(b) Scheduling and planning; Triggering
Events.
(1) Triggering Events. The court must conduct a
pretrial conference and enter an for the
purpose of entering a scheduling order to schedule and manage the case under
the following
circumstances if:
(1)(A) if
more than six months have passed since filing of the summons and complaint or
answer without final disposition of the case or filing of a dispositive motion;
(2)(B) if a
Rule 40(e) notice has been issued and any response to the notice contained a
request that the case be left open; or
(2)(C) if any
party makes a written request for a pretrial conference to enter a scheduling
order and planning conference.
(c) (2) When Conference Held. The
scheduling and planning pretrial conference must be
held within 60 days of the triggering event.
(d)(c)
Subjects Attendance and Matters for Consideration at
a Pretrial Conferences
Conference.
(1) Attendance. A represented party must authorize at least one of its attorneys to make stipulations and admissions about all matters that can reasonably be anticipated for discussion at a pretrial conference. If appropriate, the court may require that a party or its representative be present or reasonably available by telephone or other means to consider possible settlement.
(2) Matters for Consideration. At any pretrial
conference, under this rule consideration may
be given, and the court may consider and take appropriate
action, with respect to on the
following matters:
(1)(A) the formulation
and simplification of formulating and simplifying the issues,
including the elimination of frivolous and eliminating claims or
defenses;
(2)(B) the necessity or
desirability and the time for joinder of joining other parties and
of
amendments to amending the pleadings, if necessary or
desirable;
(3)(C) the possibility
of obtaining admissions of fact and stipulations about
facts and
documents which will to avoid unnecessary proof,
stipulations regarding the authenticity of
documents, and advance rulings from the court and ruling in advance on the
admissibility of
evidence;
(4)(D) the avoidance
of avoiding unnecessary proof and of cumulative
evidence, and
determining limitations or restrictions on the use of testimony under
Rule N.D.R.Ev. 702 of
the North Dakota Rules of Evidence;
(5)(E) determining the
appropriateness and timing of motions for summary adjudication
under Rule 56 and any other motions;
(6)(F) the
control controlling and scheduling of
discovery;
(7)(G) any
resolving issues relating to disclosure or discovery of electronically stored
information, including the form or forms in which it should be produced;
(8)(H) the
appropriateness and timing of disclosure of scheduling the identification of
witnesses and documents, the need and schedule for scheduling
the filing and exchanging
exchange of any pretrial briefs, and the date or setting
dates for further conferences and for
trial;
(9)(I) the advisability of a
preliminary reference of referring issues to a master for findings
to be used as evidence when the trial is to be by jury;
(10)(J) settlement and
the use of settling the case and using special procedures to assist in
resolving the dispute;
(11)(K) determining the
form and substance content of the pretrial order;
(12)(L) the
disposition disposing of pending motions;
(13)(M) the need
for adopting special procedures for managing potentially difficult or
protracted actions that may involve complex issues, multiple parties, difficult legal questions,
or unusual proof problems;
(14)(N) an order
for ordering a separate trial under Rule 42(b) with respect
to of a claim,
counterclaim, cross-claim crossclaim, or
third-party claim, or with respect to any particular
issue in the case;
(15)(O) an order
directing a party or parties to present ordering the presentation of evidence
early in the trial with respect to on a manageable issue that
could, on the evidence, be the
basis for a judgment as a matter of law under Rule 50(a) or a judgment on partial findings
under Rule 52(c);
(16)(P) an
order establishing a reasonable limit on the time allowed for
presenting to
present evidence;
(17)(Q) the allocation
of allocating peremptory challenges; and
(18)(R) such other
matters as may facilitate facilitating in other ways the just, speedy, and
inexpensive disposition of the action.
At least one of the attorneys for each party participating in
any conference before trial must
have authority to enter stipulations and to make admissions regarding all matters that the
participants may reasonably anticipate may be discussed. If appropriate, the court may
require that a party or its representative be present or reasonably available by telephone in
order to consider possible settlement of the dispute.
(e)(d)
Modification Pretrial Orders. A scheduling order
issued under this rule may be
modified by leave of court or as permitted by Rule 29. After any conference
under this rule,
the court must issue an order reciting the action taken. This order controls the course of the
action unless the court modifies it.
(f)(e) Final Pretrial Conference.
Any The court may hold a final pretrial conference to
formulate a trial plan, including a plan to facilitate the admission of evidence. The
conference must be held as close to the time of trial as is reasonable
under the circumstances,
and must be attended by at least one attorney who will conduct the trial for each party and
by any self-represented party. The participants at any such conference shall
formulate a plan
for trial, including a program for facilitating the admission of evidence. The conference must
be attended by at least one of the attorneys who will conduct the trial for each of the parties
and by any unrepresented parties.
(g) Pretrial orders.
After any conference held under this rule, an order must be
entered reciting the action
taken. This order controls the subsequent course of the action unless modified by a
subsequent order. The court may modify the order
following issued after a final pretrial
conference may be modified only to prevent manifest
injustice.
(h) Sanctions.
(1) In General. On motion or on its own, the court may issue any
just orders, including
those authorized by Rule 37, If (i) if a party or
party's its attorney:
(A) fails to obey a pretrial order, (ii) no
appearance is made on behalf of a party appear at
a pretrial conference, ;
(B) a party or party's attorney is
substantially unprepared to participate, or does not
participate in good faith, in the conference,;
or
(C) (iv) a party or party's attorney
fails to participate in good faith, the court, upon motion
of a party or its own motion, may make such orders with regard thereto as are just, and
among others any of the orders provided in Rules 37(b)(2)(B), (C), (D) obey a
scheduling
or other pretrial order.
(2) Imposing Fees and Costs. In lieu
Instead of or in addition to any other sanction, the
judge shall require must order the party,
or the its attorney, representing the
party or both to
pay the reasonable expense expenses, including attorney fees,
incurred because of any
noncompliance with this rule, including attorney's fees, unless the
judge finds that the
noncompliance was substantially justified or that other circumstances make an award of
expenses unjust.
EXPLANATORY NOTE
Rule 16 was amended, effective July 1, 1981; March 1, 1986; March 1, 1990; March 1, 1996; March 1, 2000; August 1, 2004; March 1, 2008; March 1, 2011.
Rule 16 was amended, effective March 1, 2000, to add a new subdivision (a)(6) relating to alternative dispute resolution. Under N.D.R.Ct. 8.8, all parties in civil cases are required to discuss early alternative dispute resolution and must file a statement with the district court regarding participation in ADR.
Rule 16 was amended, effective March 1, 2011, in response to the December 1, 2007, revision of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. The language and organization of the rule were changed to make the rule more easily understood and to make style and terminology consistent throughout the rules.
Subdivision (a) was amended and new
subdivisions (b), (c) and (e) were added, effective
August 1, 2004, to incorporate a mechanism to trigger scheduling and planning
conferences
a pretrial conference when certain events occur in an action.
Subdivision (d) was amended, effective March 1, 2008, to add issues related to electronically stored information to the list of possible subjects for discussion at a pretrial conference.
Subdivision (d) was amended, effective
March 1, 1996, to follow the 1993 amendment to
Rule Fed.R.Civ.P 16(c),
Fed.R.Civ.P.
Subdivision (h) was amended, effective March 1, 1990. The amendment is technical in nature and no substantive change is intended.
Sources: Joint Procedure Committee
Minutes of September 25, 2008, page 7; April 24-25,
2008, pages 25-26; October 11-12, 2007, page 3; September 18-19, 2003, pages 11-18;
April
24-25, 2003, pages 26-30; May 6-7, 1999, pages 7-8; January 28-29, 1999, pages 7-12;
January 26-27, 1995, page 10; September 29-30, 1994, pages 22-23; April 20, 1989, page
2; December 3, 1987, page 11; April 26, 1984, pages 26-28; January 20, 1984, pages 18-23;
September 18-19, 1980, pages 12-13; September 20-21, 1979, page 11;
Rule Fed.R.Civ.P.
16, Fed.R.Civ.P.