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Knodel v. Knodel 2003 ND 176
Docket No.: 20030143
Filing Date: 11/18/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Divorce - Property
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Divorce judgment summarily affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(2).

Hanson v. Director, N.D. Dept. of Trans. 2003 ND 175
Docket No.: 20030136
Filing Date: 11/17/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Administrative - Department of Transportation
Author: Sandstrom, Dale

Highlight: Weaving twice onto the lane-dividing line on an interstate highway, even without erratic movement or sharp veering, can be sufficient to stop a vehicle.
A vehicle weaving within its own lane may be enough to justify the stop of a vehicle.
Although reasonable suspicion to stop a vehicle requires more than a "mere hunch," this standard does not require an officer to see a motorist violate a traffic law.
The totality of circumstances is considered when determining whether reasonable suspicion exists to stop a vehicle.

State v. Beciraj (see Docket Memo) 2003 ND 173
Docket No.: 20030035
Filing Date: 11/13/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Arson
Author: Sandstrom, Dale

Highlight: The crime of conspiracy is limited to agreements to engage in a crime or crimes that are defined elsewhere.
Conspiracy does not require that an offense actually be committed as long as there is an agreement and an overt act to effect an objective of the conspiracy.
The act for the purpose of conspiracy can range from an act that would be innocent in the absence of a conspiracy to the actual commission of the offense agreed upon.
Conspiracy to commit arson by damaging or destroying one's own property for the purpose of collecting insurance on the loss, may occur even when, unknown to the conspirators, the insurance has lapsed.
Evidence of a prior home fire may be properly admitted if its probative value outweighs any danger of unfair prejudice and the evidence is not used to prove character but is used to show a plan for committing arson for the purpose of collecting insurance.

Litoff v. Pinter 2003 ND 172
Docket No.: 20030074
Filing Date: 11/13/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Child Support
Author: Kapsner, Carol

Highlight: Although visitation between a child and the noncustodial parent is ordinarily presumed to be in the best interest of the child, visitation may be curtailed or eliminated entirely if it is likely to endanger the child's physical or emotional health.

State v. Beciraj (see Docket Memo) 2003 ND 171
Docket No.: 20030030
Filing Date: 11/13/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Arson
Author: Maring, Mary

Highlight: Obvious errors affecting substantial rights may be addressed on appeal even if the error was not brought to the attention of the trial court.
Obvious error requires an appellant must establish (1) an error, (2) that is plain, which (3) affects substantial rights.
N.D.R.Ev. 404(b) prohibits the use of character evidence except for certain purposes.

Disciplinary Board v. McKechnie (Cross-reference w/ 20020199) 2003 ND 170
Docket No.: 20030153
Filing Date: 11/13/2003
Case Type: Discipline - Attorney - Original Proceeding
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: An attorney is appropriately suspended from the practice of law when this Court finds clear and convincing evidence of an ethical violation.
An attorney's disciplinary record is properly considered as an aggravating factor when it has been determined an attorney violated an ethical duty.

Akerlind v. Buck, et al. 2003 ND 169
Docket No.: 20030139
Filing Date: 11/13/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Contracts
Author: Kapsner, Carol

Highlight: The credibility of witnesses, including expert witnesses, and the weight to be given their testimony, are questions for the trier of fact.
A partnership agreement controls whether partners are entitled to compensation for services provided to the partnership.
A partner breaches a fiduciary duty if the partner fails to keep fiduciary property separate and distinct and uses partnership property for the partner's personal benefit.
Whether a person has breached a fiduciary duty is a finding of fact.

State v. $17,515.00 in Cash Money, et al. 2003 ND 168
Docket No.: 20030008
Filing Date: 11/13/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Other
Author: Maring, Mary

Highlight: There is no constitutional right to a jury trial in a drug-related forfeiture proceeding.
In a contested drug-related forfeiture proceeding, the State must first show probable cause to believe the property is forfeitable, and then the burden of proof shifts to the claimant to prove by a preponderance of the evidence that the property is not forfeitable.

Reineke v. Reineke 2003 ND 167
Docket No.: 20030014
Filing Date: 11/13/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Divorce - Property
Author: Kapsner, Carol

Highlight: The Ruff-Fischer guidelines apply to both property division and spousal support, which ordinarily must be considered together.
Both economic and noneconomic fault are proper factors for the trial court to consider in dividing marital property.
The appointment of a custody investigator or a guardian ad litem is committed to the trial court's discretion.

Damron v. Damron 2003 ND 166
Docket No.: 20030135
Filing Date: 11/13/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Child Support
Author: Neumann, William

Highlight: A custodial parent's homosexual household is not grounds for modifying custody within two years of a prior custody order in the absence of evidence the children's environment endangers or potentially endangers the children's physical or emotional health or impairs the children's emotional development.

Klingenstein v. Klingenstein 2003 ND 165
Docket No.: 20030116
Filing Date: 11/13/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Child Support
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: A judgment awarding spousal support and dividing marital property is summarily affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(2).

Wangler v. Lerol, et al. 2003 ND 164
Docket No.: 20030066
Filing Date: 11/13/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Insurance
Author: Sandstrom, Dale

Highlight: Waiver and estoppel will not operate to create an insurance contract that never existed.
A Miller-Shugart agreement, consisting of a stipulated confessed judgment against an insured, a covenant not to execute on the judgment, and an assignment of claims, does not eliminate the insured's damages and make the assignment of claims ineffective.
A plaintiff need not replead previously dismissed claims in an amended complaint to preserve the right to appeal the dismissal.

Judicial Vacancy in District Judgeship No. 2, South Central District 2003 ND 163
Docket No.: 20030290
Filing Date: 10/29/2003
Case Type: Judicial Administration - Rule - Rule
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Judgeship ordered retained and filled.

Interest of R.F. (CONFIDENTIAL) 2003 ND 162
Docket No.: 20030288
Filing Date: 10/23/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Mental Health
Author: Sandstrom, Dale

Highlight: At a mental health hearing on a petition for discharge, the burden of proof is the same as at an involuntary treatment hearing.
The petitioner must prove by clear and convincing evidence that the respondent is a person requiring mental health treatment.
A person requiring treatment has the right to the least restrictive means of treatment.

Disciplinary Board v. Hoffman (Consolidated w/ 20030142) 2003 ND 161
Docket No.: 20030141
Filing Date: 10/23/2003
Case Type: Discipline - Attorney - Original Proceeding
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: An attorney is appropriately suspended from the practice of law for one year when the hearing panel has found clear and convincing evidence of professional conduct violations.
Prior discipline is relevant as an aggravating factor when the prior incidents establish a pattern of misconduct.

Ralston v. Ralston (cross-ref.w/20020184) 2003 ND 160
Docket No.: 20030104
Filing Date: 10/23/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Child Support
Author: Neumann, William

Highlight: A custodial parent does not need court approval to move a child out of state when the noncustodial parent has moved from the state before or after the divorce decree and lives more than fifty miles from the residence of the custodial parent.

Ruggles v. Sabe 2003 ND 159
Docket No.: 20030147
Filing Date: 10/23/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Contracts
Author: Kapsner, Carol

Highlight: A vested remainderman has an action for waste against a life tenant.

Alerus Financial v. Lamb, et al. 2003 ND 158
Docket No.: 20030106
Filing Date: 10/23/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Foreclosure
Author: Maring, Mary

Highlight: When a motion for enlargement of time is untimely, a court, in its discretion, may grant an enlargement of time only if the failure to file timely was the result of excusable neglect.
An appellant must show the trial court manifestly abused its discretion to overturn a denial of a new trial based on new evidence.
A deficiency judgment is a judgment against a debtor personally for the unpaid balance after a foreclosure sale or a sale of repossessed property fails to satisfy the full amount of the debt.

State v. Faleide (Consol. w/20030076-20030077) 2003 ND 157
Docket No.: 20030075
Filing Date: 10/23/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Drugs/Contraband
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: A revocation of probation is summarily affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(2).

Grewal v. ND Association of Counties, et al. 2003 ND 156
Docket No.: 20030099
Filing Date: 10/23/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Torts (Negligence, Liab., Nuis.)
Author: Sandstrom, Dale

Highlight: An employer of an independent contractor is not liable for the acts or omissions of the independent contractor unless the employer retains control of the method, manner, and operative details of the independent contractor's work.

State v. Zephyrin 2003 ND 155
Docket No.: 20020352
Filing Date: 10/23/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Misc. Felony
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Criminal convictions for robbery, felonious restraint, and unauthorized use of a motor vehicle are summarily affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(3), (4) and (7).

Iglehart v. Iglehart 2003 ND 154
Docket No.: 20030063
Filing Date: 10/23/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Torts (Negligence, Liab., Nuis.)
Author: VandeWalle, Gerald

Highlight: Summary judgment is appropriate in a negligence action when the record indicates the defendant did not owe a duty to the plaintiff and was not negligent.

State v. Ballweg (consolidated w/20030052 & 20030053) 2003 ND 153
Docket No.: 20030051
Filing Date: 10/23/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Drugs/Contraband
Author: VandeWalle, Gerald

Highlight: Facts in a search warrant affidavit are not misleading if there was no reckless or deliberate falsity nor omitted information that would have negated probable cause.
A high degree of suspicion attaches to the collective purchase of ingredients and supplies used to manufacture methamphetamine.
The combination of the presence of anhydrous ammonia, the collective purchase of an amount of Sudafed inconsistent with personal use and other supplies used to manufacture methamphetamine, and concealment of a garage creates a substantial basis to conclude probable cause exists to search a premises for a methamphetamine manufacturing operation.

Disciplinary Board v. Edin 2003 ND 152
Docket No.: 20030272
Filing Date: 9/24/2003
Case Type: Discipline - Attorney - Original Proceeding
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Interim suspension of lawyer ordered.

Interest of Z.C.B. (CONFIDENTIAL) 2003 ND 151
Docket No.: 20030046
Filing Date: 9/23/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Juvenile Law
Author: VandeWalle, Gerald

Highlight: A minor is not in custody and is not entitled to representation by his parents when he is asked common sense investigatory questions during a routine traffic stop.
When there is an odor of alcohol and a minor states he had a sip of alcohol, there is enough evidence to establish he is a minor in consumption of alcohol under N.D.C.C. 5-01-08.
There is no material distinction between consuming alcohol while driving and having recently consumed alcohol while driving. A petition that charges a minor with consuming alcohol while driving is sufficient to inform a minor of the charges against him and allow him to defend against them.

Torgerson v. Torgerson 2003 ND 150
Docket No.: 20030054
Filing Date: 9/23/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Child Support
Author: Kapsner, Carol

Highlight: An obligor need not show a material change in circumstances if the motion to modify child support is brought more than one year after entry of the support order.
Income may not be imputed based on underemployment absent adequate evidence of the obligor's gross income from earnings and of the prevailing amounts earned in the community by persons with similar work history and occupational qualifications.
Under current child support guidelines, depreciation is not added back into an obligor's net income to determine support obligations.

United Valley Bank v. Lamb, et al. 2003 ND 149
Docket No.: 20030070
Filing Date: 9/23/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Foreclosure
Author: Maring, Mary

Highlight: Rule 38, N.D.R.App.P., authorizes the court to award just damages and single or double costs, including attorney's fees for a frivolous appeal.
An appeal is frivolous if it is flagrantly groundless, devoid of merit, or demonstrates persistence during litigation which evidences bad faith.

Lamb v. Riemers 2003 ND 148
Docket No.: 20030130
Filing Date: 9/23/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Contracts
Author: Neumann, William

Highlight: Unless a contract specifically provides otherwise, the seller may retain earnest money only if the buyer breaches the agreement.

Guardianship of Shatzka 2003 ND 147
Docket No.: 20030047
Filing Date: 9/23/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Guardian/Conservator
Author: Neumann, William

Highlight: If a guardian is not appointed, the person for whom guardianship was sought may not be required to pay for a court-appointed visitor, lawyer, physician or temporary guardian.

Krank v. Krank 2003 ND 146
Docket No.: 20030071
Filing Date: 9/23/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Child Support
Author: VandeWalle, Gerald

Highlight: In making its custody decision, the trial court is not required to make specific findings of fact on each factor under N.D.C.C. 14-09-06.2(1), but the court should consider all relevant factors in making the decision.

Orvedal v. Orvedal 2003 ND 145
Docket No.: 20030043
Filing Date: 9/23/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Child Support
Author: Maring, Mary

Highlight: When the trial judge who enters an original divorce decree clarifies that decree, the court on appeal affords the clarification considerable deference.
When a divorce decree provides for liberal visitation as agreed to by the parties, the inability of the parties to agree is a substantial change of circumstances for modification of visitation.
When a child support obligor is unemployed or underemployed, the trial court is permitted under the child support guidelines to impute income to the obligor.

Kjolsrud v. MKB Management Corp. 2003 ND 144
Docket No.: 20030023
Filing Date: 9/23/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Torts (Negligence, Liab., Nuis.)
Author: Neumann, William

Highlight: North Dakota's false advertising law authorizes "any person acting for the interests of itself, its members, or the general public" to bring an action to enjoin violations only if that person satisfies standing requirements.

State v. Ricker 2003 ND 143
Docket No.: 20030045
Filing Date: 9/23/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Drugs/Contraband
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Denial of a motion to suppress evidence is summarily affirmed under Rule 35.1(a)(2) and (3), N.D.R.App.P.

Deptuch v. Lindberg 2003 ND 142
Docket No.: 20030016
Filing Date: 9/23/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Contracts
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Judgment upon jury verdict in a contract dispute is summarily affirmed under 35.1(a)(3).

Barnes v. Workforce Safety and Insurance 2003 ND 141
Docket No.: 20030012
Filing Date: 9/2/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Administrative - Workers Compensation
Author: Neumann, William

Highlight: Nothing in the Rules of Evidence or the statutes governing administrative procedure precludes an employee of an agency from testifying as an expert witness in an administrative proceeding before the agency.

Kautzman v. Kautzman (Cross-Ref w/980004,990328,990386,20000083,&20010296) 2003 ND 140
Docket No.: 20030038
Filing Date: 8/22/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Divorce - Property
Author: Maring, Mary

Highlight: For an effective appeal on any proper issue, the matter must have been raised in the trial court, so the trial court could rule on it, and a failure to object to an irregularity at trial is a waiver of the issue.
A party making a constitutional claim must provide persuasive authority and reasoning.
N.D.C.C. 9-12-07, dealing with the application of performance by a debtor under several obligations to another, applies only if there is voluntary performance.
When a debtor, at the time of payment, does not indicate to which obligation a payment applies, the creditor may apply it to any obligation then due from the debtor.

Volz v. Peterson 2003 ND 139
Docket No.: 20030067
Filing Date: 8/20/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Child Support
Author: Maring, Mary

Highlight: A party seeking modification of child custody is entitled to an evidentiary hearing if she presents a prima facie case by alleging, with supporting affidavits, sufficient facts which, if uncontradicted, would support a custody modification in her favor.
Potential endangerment to a child's physical or mental health, or a mature child's reasonable preference to live with one parent, may constitute a significant change of circumstances supporting a modification of custody.

Interest of J.S. (CONFIDENTIAL) (see Docket Memo) 2003 ND 138
Docket No.: 20030210
Filing Date: 8/20/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Mental Health
Author: Neumann, William

Highlight: A person requiring mental health treatment has the right to the least restrictive conditions necessary to achieve the purposes of the treatment.

State v. Stoppleworth (Consolidated w/20020346) 2003 ND 137
Docket No.: 20020345
Filing Date: 8/20/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Assault
Author: VandeWalle, Gerald

Highlight: When a victim is unable or unwilling to identify the defendant at trial, the victim's prior out-of-court statements identifying the defendant as his assailant are admissible if the victim testifies and is available for cross-examination at trial.

McKechnie v. Berg, et al. 2003 ND 136
Docket No.: 20030028
Filing Date: 8/20/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Divorce - Property
Author: Kapsner, Carol

Highlight: Admitting incompetent evidence in a bench trial is not reversible error unless it induced an improper finding.
The law on partition of property controls the distribution of property accumulated by unmarried partners and cohabitants.
Although legal ownership of property is strong evidence of an intention to not share property, legal ownership is not dispositive when the person who is not the legal owner has financially contributed to the acquisition of the property.

Montgomery v. Montgomery (Cross-reference w/19910217) 2003 ND 135
Docket No.: 20030010
Filing Date: 8/20/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Child Support
Author: Maring, Mary

Highlight: The trier of fact is entitled to weigh and evaluate testimony, and is not required to accept even undisputed testimony.
A trial court exercises broad discretion in determining whether to hold an individual in contempt.

McMorrow v. State 2003 ND 134
Docket No.: 20030007
Filing Date: 8/20/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Post-Conviction Relief
Author: Neumann, William

Highlight: An applicant for post-conviction relief has the burden of establishing grounds for relief.
A defendant alleging selective prosecution must show that the State has not generally prosecuted other similarly situated persons and that the State selected the defendant for prosecution for discriminatory reasons.
A defendant claiming ineffective assistance of counsel has the burden of proving counsel's performance was deficient and the deficient performance prejudiced the defendant.
A party waives an issue by not providing supporting argument, and without supportive reasoning or citations to relevant authorities, an argument is without merit.

State v. Ehli 2003 ND 133
Docket No.: 20030092
Filing Date: 8/20/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Sexual Offense
Author: Sandstrom, Dale

Highlight: Due process requires that parties be given notice and afforded a meaningful opportunity to present objections.

Langness v. Fencil Urethane Systems, et al. 2003 ND 132
Docket No.: 20030004
Filing Date: 8/20/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Personal Injury
Author: Maring, Mary

Highlight: N.D.R.Ev. 702 envisions generous allowance of the use of expert testimony if proffered witnesses have some degree of expertise in the field in which they are to testify, and they need not have a formal title or be licensed in any particular field to qualify as an expert if their actual qualifications establish knowledge, skill, experience, training, or education in the field.
A trial court may allow the introduction of evidence that there was a settlement to explain the absence of a former party to a lawsuit.
A witness may not be questioned about wholly irrelevant matters merely for the purpose of contradicting those matters with other extrinsic evidence, and if irrelevant questions are asked and answered, the answer cannot be contradicted by cross-examination.

Benson v. Benson 2003 ND 131
Docket No.: 20030033
Filing Date: 8/30/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Child Support
Author: VandeWalle, Gerald

Highlight: When a North Dakota court issues an initial custody decree, the state retains exclusive, continuing jurisdiction to modify the decree unless: (1) a North Dakota court determines the child and at least one parent no longer have a significant connection with the state and the state no longer has substantial evidence concerning the child, or (2) it is determined by North Dakota or another state that all of the parties to the custody dispute have moved away from the state.
A North Dakota court may decline to exercise jurisdiction upon determining that it is an inconvenient forum under the circumstances and that a court of another state is a more appropriate forum.

McClure v. McClure 2003 ND 130
Docket No.: 20020351
Filing Date: 8/20/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Child Support
Author: Neumann, William

Highlight: In imputing income under N.D. Admin. Code sec. 75-02-04.1-07(3) for determining a child support obligation, the subdivision resulting in the greatest imputed income must be used.

Collette v. Clausen 2003 ND 129
Docket No.: 20030026
Filing Date: 8/20/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Torts (Negligence, Liab., Nuis.)
Author: Kapsner, Carol

Highlight: A supplier of a chattel can be liable for negligent entrustment if the supplier knows or has reason to know the person who he supplies the chattel to is likely to use the chattel in a manner involving unreasonable risk of physical harm to himself or others.
A supplier of a chattel has a duty to warn of dangers if the supplier knows or has reason to know the chattel is or is likely to be dangerous for the use for which it is supplied; has no reason to believe those for whose use the chattel is supplied will realize its dangerous condition; and fails to exercise reasonable care to inform the users of its dangerous condition or of the facts which make it likely to be dangerous.

Weiss, et al. v. Collection Center, Inc., et al. 2003 ND 128
Docket No.: 20020327
Filing Date: 8/20/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Personal Injury
Author: VandeWalle, Gerald

Highlight: The least-sophisticated-consumer standard is used to determine whether a debt collector has used false or misleading practices to collect a debt.
A cause of action for intentional infliction of emotional distress requires proof of extreme and outrageous conduct that is intentional or reckless and causes severe emotional distress.

Interest of D.P.O.(CONFIDENTIAL) (Consolidated w/20030020) 2003 ND 127
Docket No.: 20030002
Filing Date: 8/20/2003
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Child Support
Author: VandeWalle, Gerald

Highlight: Establishment of a psychological parent relationship does not end the trial court's inquiry in making a custody decision, but merely furnishes a justification for the award of custody to a party other than the natural parent.
When a psychological parent and a natural parent each seek a court-ordered award of custody, the natural parent's paramount right to custody prevails unless the court finds it in the child's best interests to award custody to the psychological parent to prevent serious harm or detriment to the child.
As a prerequisite to awarding grandparent visitation, the trial court must determine whether the visitation would be in the best interests of the child and whether the visitation would interfere with the parent-child relationship.

Matter of Fosaaen (CONFIDENTIAL) 2003 ND 126
Docket No.: 20030195
Filing Date: 8/15/2003
Case Type: Discipline - Attorney - Original Proceeding
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Lawyer transferred to incapacitated status.