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City of West Fargo v. McAllister, et al. 2021 ND 136
Docket No.: 20200324
Filing Date: 7/22/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Other
Author: VandeWalle, Gerald

Highlight: A certification under N.D.R.Civ.P. 54(b) should not be routinely granted and is reserved for cases involving unusual circumstances where failure to allow an immediate appeal would create a demonstrated prejudice or hardship.

A district court should articulate in writing the reasons supporting its decision to grant certification under N.D.R.Civ.P. 54(b).

State v. Stands 2021 ND 135
Docket No.: 20210053
Filing Date: 7/22/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Drugs/Contraband
Author: Crothers, Daniel John

Highlight: A person standing in an open doorway is in a public place and may be arrested without a warrant permitting entry into the home.

Investigatory stops are justified if there is reasonable and articulable suspicion a person has committed or is about to commit a crime.

Evidence should not be suppressed or excluded as fruit of the poisonous tree unless the alleged illegality is at least a but-for cause of obtaining the evidence.

Williams v. Williams, et al. 2021 ND 134
Docket No.: 20210014
Filing Date: 7/22/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Child Support
Author: McEvers, Lisa K. Fair

Highlight: A district court’s decision to modify parenting time may be affirmed, despite sparse findings of fact, when its rationale is clear from the record.

Section 14-09.2-08, N.D.C.C., only requires a specific good-cause finding when the district court terminates or modifies a parenting coordinator’s appointment on its own motion.

Due process requires parties receive adequate notice and a fair opportunity to be heard.

Froehlich v. Froehlich, et al. 2021 ND 133
Docket No.: 20200308
Filing Date: 7/22/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Child Support
Author: Jensen, Jon J.

Highlight: Under N.D.R.App.P. 4(a)(1), a party has 60 days from service of notice of entry of the judgment to file an appeal.

Only judgments constituting a final judgment of the rights of the parties and certain orders enumerated by statute are appealable.

Yoney v. State 2021 ND 132
Docket No.: 20200359
Filing Date: 7/22/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Post-Conviction Relief
Author: Tufte, Jerod E.

Highlight: This Court, on its own motion, may notice errors to which no objection has been taken if the errors are obvious or if they otherwise seriously affect the fairness, integrity, or public reputation of judicial proceedings.

Smith v. Isakson, et al. (consolidated with 20210057) 2021 ND 131
Docket No.: 20210004
Filing Date: 7/22/2021
Case Type: Original Proceeding - Criminal - Writ of Supervision
Author: VandeWalle, Gerald

Highlight: Citizens of our state may have greater protections under the North Dakota Constitution than the United States Constitution.

The North Dakota Constitution guarantees the right to a jury trial for an infraction-level violation of a Bismarck ordinance restricting the use of public property.

The Sixth Amendment does not extend the right to a jury trial for a violation of a Bismarck ordinance restricting the use of public property.

Vacancy in Judgeship No. 9, South Central Judicial District 2021 ND 130
Docket No.: 20210177
Filing Date: 7/15/2021
Case Type: Judicial Administration - Rule - Rule
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Judgeship retained at Mandan.

Vacancy in Judgeship No. 9, South Central Judicial District 2021 ND 130
Docket No.: 20210177
Filing Date: 7/15/2021
Case Type: Judicial Administration - Rule - Rule
Author: Per Curiam

Matter of O.H.W. (CONFIDENTIAL) 2021 ND 129
Docket No.: 20210006
Filing Date: 7/8/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Civil Commitment of Sexually Dangerous Individual
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: A district court’s order denying an application for discharge from civil commitment as a sexually dangerous individual is summarily affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(2).

Scott v. Scott 2021 ND 128
Docket No.: 20200344
Filing Date: 7/8/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Child Support
Author: McEvers, Lisa K. Fair

Highlight: A party moving to modify joint residential responsibility more than two years after the initial order establishing residential responsibility bears the burden of showing a material change in circumstances has occurred. A court’s decision on whether a material change has occurred is a finding of fact which will not be reversed unless it is clearly erroneous. A court is not required to analyze the best interest factors if a material change is not shown.

City of Lincoln v. McCorkell 2021 ND 127
Docket No.: 20200319
Filing Date: 7/8/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - DUI/DUS/APC
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: A criminal judgment for driving under suspension is summarily affirmed under N.D R.App.P. 35.1(a)(7).

Hussiene v. NDDOT 2021 ND 126
Docket No.: 20210045
Filing Date: 7/8/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Administrative - Department of Transportation
Author: VandeWalle, Gerald

Highlight: Evidence supported a hearing officer’s finding that a highway patrol trooper had a reasonable and articulable suspicion to stop a motorist for failure to stop at a red light.

The weight of the evidence showed a motorist refused to submit to a chemical breath test.

State v. Crites 2021 ND 125
Docket No.: 20200356
Filing Date: 7/8/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Misc. Felony
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: A district court’s criminal judgment following a jury verdict is summarily affirmed under N.D.R.App.P 35.1(a)(3) and (4).

Eubanks v. Fisketjon, et al. 2021 ND 124
Docket No.: 20200288
Filing Date: 7/8/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Child Support
Author: VandeWalle, Gerald

Highlight: The district court erred when it included half of an obligor and his roommate’s share of rent owed to a landlord as the obligor’s income for purposes of calculating child support.

Parenting decisions must be made in light of the child’s best interests.

City of Lincoln v. Schuler 2021 ND 123
Docket No.: 20200314
Filing Date: 7/8/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - DUI/DUS/APC
Author: Crothers, Daniel John

Highlight: This Court will affirm a district court decision regarding a motion to suppress if there is sufficient competent evidence fairly capable of supporting the district court’s findings, and the decision is not contrary to the manifest weight of the evidence.

Interpretation of a statute is a question of law fully reviewable on appeal.

Section 39-10-38, N.D.C.C., requires that no person may turn a vehicle or move right or left on a roadway without giving an appropriate signal and make such turn or movement with reasonable safety.

Reasonable suspicion and criminality are different inquiries and the actual commission of a crime is not required to support a finding of reasonable suspicion.

Dietzler v. Dietzler 2021 ND 122
Docket No.: 20210001
Filing Date: 7/8/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Child Support
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: The judgment of the district court is summarily affirmed as not clearly erroneous under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(2).

WSI v. Kemmet 2021 ND 121
Docket No.: 20210063
Filing Date: 7/8/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Other
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: A district court’s summary judgment and denial of post-judgment motion are summarily affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(1), (4), and (6).

State v. Eggleston 2021 ND 120
Docket No.: 20200285
Filing Date: 7/8/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Homicide
Author: Jensen, Jon J.

Highlight: Constitutional issues not appropriately raised in the district court will not be considered for the first time on appeal.

State v. Jensen 2021 ND 119
Docket No.: 20200295
Filing Date: 7/8/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Drugs/Contraband
Author: Jensen, Jon J.

Highlight: When a defendant has previously filed an application for post-conviction relief, a subsequent motion filed under the Rules of Criminal Procedure will be treated as an application for post-conviction relief when the motion seeks to evade the boundaries of post-conviction proceedings.

On its own initiative, a court may enter a judgment denying a meritless application for post-conviction relief on any and all issues raised in the application before any response by the state. A district court’s summary dismissal of an application for post-conviction relief before a response by the State is analogous to dismissal of a civil complaint under N.D.R.Civ.P. 12(b) for failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted.

A defendant may waive their speedy trial claim in four ways: (1) by failing to present the claim prior to or at the trial; (2) by entering a voluntary plea of guilty; (3) by failing to demand a prompt trial; or (4) by expressly consenting to the delay.

State v. Lelm 2021 ND 118
Docket No.: 20200236
Filing Date: 7/8/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Drugs/Contraband
Author: Jensen, Jon J.

Highlight: The State bears the burden to prove a warrantless search falls within an exception to the warrant requirement.

The automobile exception allows law enforcement to search a vehicle for illegal contraband without a warrant when probable cause exists.

The search incident to arrest exception is limited to searches that implicate interests in protecting officer safety and evidence preservation.

The inevitable discovery doctrine allows evidence obtained during an unlawful search to be admissible where it is shown that the evidence would have been gained even without the unlawful action.

Decker v. WSI 2021 ND 117
Docket No.: 20200289
Filing Date: 7/1/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Administrative - Workers Compensation
Author: McEvers, Lisa K. Fair

Highlight: Statutory requirements for filing an appeal from an administrative agency decision are jurisdictional, and the appellant must satisfy the statutory requirements for the district court to acquire subject matter jurisdiction over the appeal.

State v. Van Der Heever 2021 ND 116
Docket No.: 20200309
Filing Date: 6/24/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - DUI/DUS/APC
Author: McEvers, Lisa K. Fair

Highlight: Information from a tip may provide the factual basis for an investigative stop. In evaluating whether the factual basis for a stop meets the legal standard of reasonable and articulable suspicion, we consider the totality of the circumstances.

Where a known, or easily ascertainable, informant provides a greater quantity of information than a bare assertion of possible impaired or erratic driving, the officer need not personally observe, or corroborate, evidence of criminal activity in order to have reasonable suspicion to stop a vehicle.

Interest of K.C. (CONFIDENTIAL) (consolidated with 20210123 & 20210124) 2021 ND 115
Docket No.: 20210122
Filing Date: 6/24/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Juvenile - Termination of Parental Rights
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Juvenile court orders terminating parental rights are summarily affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(2) and (4).

Interest of K.C. (CONFIDENTIAL) (consolidated with 20210123 & 20210124) 2021 ND 115
Docket No.: 20210122
Filing Date: 6/24/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Juvenile - Termination of Parental Rights
Author: Per Curiam

Thompson v. State 2021 ND 114
Docket No.: 20210038
Filing Date: 6/24/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Post-Conviction Relief
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: A district court’s dismissal of an application for post-conviction relief is summarily affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(7).

Interest of C.G. (CONFIDENTIAL)(consolidated w/ 20210133) 2021 ND 113
Docket No.: 20210132
Filing Date: 6/24/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Juvenile - Termination of Parental Rights
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: A juvenile court order terminating parental rights is summarily affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(2) and (4).

Interest of C.G. (CONFIDENTIAL)(consolidated w/ 20210133) 2021 ND 113
Docket No.: 20210132
Filing Date: 6/24/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Juvenile - Termination of Parental Rights
Author: Per Curiam

State v. Gedrose 2021 ND 111
Docket No.: 20200277
Filing Date: 6/24/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Misc. Felony
Author: Crothers, Daniel John

Highlight: A statute enjoys a presumption of constitutionality unless it is clearly shown that it contravenes the state or federal constitution.

Due process is not violated merely because mens rea is not a required element of a criminal offense.

A felony offense of issuing a check without sufficient funds under N.D.C.C. § 6-08-16(1)(d) does not violate due process and is constitutional on its face.

Abdi v. State 2021 ND 110
Docket No.: 20200341
Filing Date: 6/24/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Post-Conviction Relief
Author: McEvers, Lisa K. Fair

Highlight: An application for post-conviction relief alleging constitutionally ineffective assistance of counsel under Padilla v. Kentucky was properly denied where the applicant failed to meet his burden to show he pleaded guilty to an offense mandating his removal and he was advised he may be deported. An applicant who argues they did not knowingly, intelligently, or voluntarily, enter their plea alleging they received ineffective assistance of counsel cannot establish a manifest injustice will result if they cannot withdraw their plea where they did not establish they received ineffective assistance of counsel.

State v. Schweitzer 2021 ND 109
Docket No.: 20200348
Filing Date: 6/24/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Assault
Author: VandeWalle, Gerald

Highlight: To claim a violation of his or her due process rights, a defendant must show the State acted in bad faith when it failed to preserve evidence.

Sufficient evidence existed to convict a defendant of aggravated assault.

Johnshoy v. Johnshoy 2021 ND 108
Docket No.: 20200263
Filing Date: 6/24/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Child Support
Author: Tufte, Jerod E.

Highlight: A prima facie case consists of factual allegations sufficient to support a finding of a material change in circumstances and that a change is necessary to serve the best interests of the child. A “material change” is an important new fact that was unknown at the time of the prior custody decision. To establish a prima facie case that modification is necessary to serve the best interests of the children requires more than the improved circumstances of the party moving to modify primary residential responsibility.

The preference of a mature child may be particularly significant to the trial court, both in determining whether there has been a significant change of circumstances and in determining the best interests of the child. The maturity of the child is a factually driven issue and will depend on the facts and circumstances of the case. The court should consider a mature child’s preference only if there are persuasive reasons for that preference.

Comes v. State 2021 ND 107
Docket No.: 20210005
Filing Date: 6/24/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Post-Conviction Relief
Author: Jensen, Jon J.

Highlight: The statutory remedy of post-conviction relief pursuant to N.D.C.C. ch. 29-32.1 is not available to provide relief for disciplinary measures, custodial treatment, or other violations of civil rights of a convicted person occurring after the imposition of sentence.

Interest of K.B. (CONFIDENTIAL) (CONSOLIDATED W/20210110) 2021 ND 106
Docket No.: 20210109
Filing Date: 9/9/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Juvenile - Termination of Parental Rights
Author: Tufte, Jerod E.

Highlight: In addition to state law requirements for parental termination, the requirements of the Indian Child Welfare Act, 25 U.S.C. § 1912, must be met in cases involving an Indian child as defined by the Act.

Because children are entitled to permanency and because ICWA presents an opportunity for collateral attack of a state court judgment if its requirements are not met, we will not strain to infer findings from a vague reference to the requirement. The juvenile court must make detailed findings sufficient to satisfy ICWA. A qualified expert witness’s expressed preference to deny termination of parental rights does not preclude the court from making findings sufficient to satisfy ICWA and ordering termination.

Interest of K.B. (CONFIDENTIAL) (CONSOLIDATED W/20210110) 2021 ND 106
Docket No.: 20210109
Filing Date: 6/24/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Juvenile - Termination of Parental Rights
Author: Tufte, Jerod E.

Pennington, et al. v. Continental Resources 2021 ND 105
Docket No.: 20200318
Filing Date: 6/10/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Oil, Gas and Minerals
Author: McEvers, Lisa K. Fair

Highlight: Under the law of the case doctrine, a party cannot in a second appeal relitigate issues which were resolved in the first appeal or which would have been resolved had they been properly presented in the first appeal.

The mandate rule requires the district court to follow an appellate court’s pronouncements on legal issues in subsequent proceedings in the case and to carry the appellate court’s mandate into effect according to its terms.

Guardianship and Conservatorship of S.M.H. 2021 ND 104
Docket No.: 20200239
Filing Date: 6/3/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Guardian/Conservator
Author: Jensen, Jon J.

Highlight: Only judgments and decrees which constitute a final judgment of the rights of the parties and certain orders enumerated by statute are appealable.

Under N.D.R.Ct. 3.2(a)(3), a court may decide routine motions on briefs without holding a formal hearing, unless a party requests one.

An estate in real property, other than an estate at will or for a term not exceeding one year, can be transferred only by operation of law or by an instrument in writing, subscribed by the party disposing of the same or by the party’s agent thereunto authorized by writing.

Under N.D.R.Civ.P. 12(f), the district court has discretion to strike an insufficient defense or any redundant, immaterial, impertinent, or scandalous matter in a pleading.

A court’s award of attorney’s fees and costs under N.D.C.C. § 28-26-31 is discretionary but must be based on evidence that the pleadings were made without reasonable cause and not in good faith, and are found to be untrue.

State v. Black 2021 ND 103
Docket No.: 20200256
Filing Date: 6/3/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Misc. Felony
Author: Jensen, Jon J.

Highlight: When reviewing a district court’s finding of exigent circumstances, the findings of fact are reviewed giving due weight to the inferences drawn from those facts by judges and law enforcement. A de novo review is applied to the ultimate determination of whether the facts constitute exigent circumstances.

Issues which are not raised before the district court, including constitutional issues, will not be considered for the first time on appeal.

Probable cause to search exists if the facts and circumstances relied on by the magistrate would warrant a person of reasonable caution to believe the contraband or evidence sought probably will be found in the place to be searched.

When a defendant alleges false or misleading statements have been made in the application for a search warrant, the issue is addressed under the standard set forth in Franks v. Delaware, 438 U.S. 154 (1978).

State v. Coleman 2021 ND 102
Docket No.: 20210040
Filing Date: 6/3/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Misc. Felony
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: An order deferring imposition of sentence entered after a jury verdict is affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(3).

State v. Howard (consolidated w/ 20200301) 2021 ND 101
Docket No.: 20200300
Filing Date: 6/3/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Misc. Felony
Author: VandeWalle, Gerald

Highlight: An order dismissing a complaint, information, indictment, or any count thereof, with or without prejudice, is appealable under N.D.C.C. § 29-28-07(1).

Timing may be used as evidence of a link between a defendant and an act.

Boutrous v. Transform Operating Stores, et al. 2021 ND 100
Docket No.: 20210115
Filing Date: 6/3/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Landlord/Tenant
Author: McEvers, Lisa K. Fair

Highlight: Under N.D.R.Civ.P. 54(b), if an action presents more than one claim for relief, or if multiple parties are involved, the district court may direct entry of a final judgment as to one or more, but fewer than all, claims or parties only if the court expressly determines that there is no just reason for delay. Otherwise, any order or other decision, however designated, that adjudicates fewer than all the claims or the rights and liabilities of fewer than all the parties does not end the action as to any of the claims or parties and may be revised at any time before the entry of a judgment adjudicating all the claims and all the parties’ rights and liabilities.

A judgment or order of eviction is not final unless all of the claims brought pursuant to N.D.C.C. ch. 47-32 are adjudicated, or the district court certifies the judgment as final under N.D.R.Civ.P. 54(b).

Boutrous v. Transform Operating Stores, et al. 2021 ND 100
Docket No.: 20210115
Filing Date: 6/3/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Landlord/Tenant
Author: McEvers, Lisa K. Fair

PLS Services v. Clear Creek Retirement Plan, et al. 2021 ND 99
Docket No.: 20200270
Filing Date: 6/3/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Foreclosure
Author: McEvers, Lisa K. Fair

Highlight: A N.D.R.Civ.P. 54(b) certification of judgment may be appropriate if the certified judgment completely decides an entire claim.

Summary judgment is only appropriate if the nonmoving party has had a full opportunity to conduct discovery to
develop information essential to its position.

A good faith purchaser must acquire rights without actual or constructive notice of another’s rights.

McDougall, et al. v. AgCountry Farm Credit Services, et al. 2021 ND 98
Docket No.: 20200282
Filing Date: 6/3/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Contracts
Author: Crothers, Daniel John

Highlight: The principle of law of the case requires that the same legal question previously determined on appeal will not be decided differently on a second appeal in the same case where the facts remain the same.

A district court’s findings of fact on unjust enrichment will not be reversed unless clearly erroneous.

A third party’s participation in a transaction between others through which a benefit is obtained is a fact to be considered by the court in determining whether a causal connection existed between an enrichment and impoverishment.
Unjust enrichment is an alternative claim, and a legal claim which has yet to fail or succeed does not preclude a plaintiff from also asserting an unjust enrichment claim.

A district court does not abuse its discretion in awarding costs for depositions taken in a prior case where use of those depositions prevented duplicative depositions and costs.

WSI v. Felan, et al. 2021 ND 97
Docket No.: 20200354
Filing Date: 6/3/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Administrative Proceeding
Author: Crothers, Daniel John

Highlight: Section 65-01-02(11)(a)(3), N.D.C.C., requires claimants to prove a compensable heart-related injury by showing with reasonable medical certainty their employment caused the injury and unusual stress was at least 50% of the cause of the injury.

Objective medical evidence may not be established solely by deductive reasoning.

Mistic v. Mistic 2021 ND 96
Docket No.: 20200313
Filing Date: 6/3/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Child Support
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: An amended divorce judgment is summarily affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(2) and (4).

Tesoro Great Plains Gathering & Marketing v. Mountain Peak Builders 2021 ND 95
Docket No.: 20200260
Filing Date: 6/3/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Contracts
Author: Crothers, Daniel John

Highlight: If the obligation a lien secures is satisfied, the lien is extinguished and no longer valid.

An award of attorney fees and costs under N.D.C.C. § 35-24-19 requires a favorable judgment in an action brought to enforce a lien pursuant to N.D.C.C. ch. 35-24.

A claim for enforcement of a statutory lien and an underlying breach of contract claim are separate and distinct.

Dixon v. Dixon 2021 ND 94
Docket No.: 20210070
Filing Date: 6/3/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Probate, Wills, Trusts
Author: Crothers, Daniel John

Highlight: Appeal dismissed in supervised administration of a trust due to lack of a final order or judgment, or a N.D.R.Civ.P. P. 54(b) certification.

State v. Mitchell 2021 ND 93
Docket No.: 20200306
Filing Date: 6/3/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Sexual Offense
Author: Tufte, Jerod E.

Highlight: An order dismissing a criminal complaint, information, or indictment is the equivalent of an order quashing an information or indictment and is therefore appealable under the statute. The State may either appeal an adverse ruling on probable cause or issue a new complaint upon the offer of additional evidence or other good cause.

Because a preliminary hearing is not a trial, the finding of probable cause may be based on hearsay evidence and evidence that would be inadmissible at the trial. The State is not required to prove with absolute certainty or beyond a reasonable doubt that a crime occurred, but rather need only produce sufficient evidence to satisfy the court that a crime has been committed and that the accused is probably guilty.

Froistad v. State 2021 ND 92
Docket No.: 20200274
Filing Date: 5/20/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Post-Conviction Relief
Author: Tufte, Jerod E.

Highlight: When a motion following conviction is denominated as a motion under the North Dakota Rules of Criminal Procedure, the provisions of the Uniform Postconviction Procedure Act, N.D.C.C. ch. 29-32.1, are applicable.

Under N.D.C.C. § 29-32.1-12, an application for postconviction relief may be denied on the ground that the same claim or claims were fully and finally determined in a previous proceeding, or when the applicant presents a claim for relief which the applicant inexcusably failed to raise either in a proceeding leading to judgment of conviction and sentence or in a previous postconviction proceeding.

Lyons v. State 2021 ND 91
Docket No.: 20200333
Filing Date: 5/20/2021
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Post-Conviction Relief
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: A district court order denying an application for post-conviction relief is summarily affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(2) and (7).

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