Opinions

Law v. Whittet, et al. 2014 ND 69
Docket No.: 20130241
Filing Date: 4/7/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Child Support
Author: Sandstrom, Dale

Highlight: Although not required to make a separate finding on each best interest factor or to address each minute detail presented in the evidence when determining primary residential responsibility, the district court may not wholly ignore and fail to acknowledge or explain significant evidence clearly favoring one party.
Domestic violence includes violence directed at any member of a household or family.
Domestic violence, even if not directed at the child, is presumed to affect the best interests of the child.

Topolski v. Topolski 2014 ND 68
Docket No.: 20130276
Filing Date: 4/3/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Child Support
Author: Kapsner, Carol

Highlight: A district court has substantial discretion in deciding primary residential responsibility, but the court must consider all of the applicable best interest factors.
A court's findings of fact are sufficient if they afford a clear understanding of the court's decision and assist the appellate court in conducting its review.
If the previous primary residential responsibility placement was based on a stipulation, the district court must consider all relevant evidence, including pre-divorce conduct and activities, when determining whether to modify primary residential responsibility.

JPMorgan Chase Bank v. Skoda, et al. 2014 ND 67
Docket No.: 20130370
Filing Date: 3/3/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Foreclosure
Author: McEvers, Lisa K. Fair

Highlight: All relevant facts are admitted when a party fails to respond to a request for admissions.
Submitting exhibits that are consistent with those exhibits submitted by the party moving for summary judgment and mere allegations do not evidence there is a genuine issue of material.

Erickson v. Olsen, et al. 2014 ND 66
Docket No.: 20130217
Filing Date: 4/3/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Probate, Wills, Trusts
Author: Kapsner, Carol

Highlight: A district court's determinations regarding mental capacity and undue influence are questions of fact subject to the clearly erroneous standard of review.

State v. Zeller 2014 ND 65
Docket No.: 20130290
Filing Date: 4/3/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Drugs/Contraband
Author: VandeWalle, Gerald

Highlight: When a warrant application seeks authorization for a nighttime search, an additional showing of probable cause is required for the nighttime authorization.
Probable cause for a nighttime search exists upon a showing that the evidence sought may be quickly and easily disposed of if the warrant is not promptly executed.
Mere allegations about the presence of drugs does not lead to the inference that the drugs are easily disposable.

Estate of Wicklund (cross-reference w/20110081) 2014 ND 64
Docket No.: 20130181
Filing Date: 4/3/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Probate, Wills, Trusts
Author: Sandstrom, Dale

Highlight: A personal representative may be reimbursed for payment of a decedent's funeral and last illness expenses.
A personal representative may be entitled to attorney fees and expenses incurred in making claims to effectuate a testator's intent.

Interest of Hoff (cross-ref. w/20120248 & 20130216) 2014 ND 63
Docket No.: 20130323
Filing Date: 4/3/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Civil Commitment of Sexually Dangerous Individual
Author: Crothers, Daniel John

Highlight: The district court must make findings on each element of the sexually dangerous individual analysis, including the consideration of whether an individual has difficulty controlling his behavior.

Disciplinary Board v. Overboe (Consol. w/ 20130304-20130306) 2014 ND 62
Docket No.: 20130303
Filing Date: 4/3/2014
Case Type: Discipline - Attorney - Original Proceeding
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: A long delay between a petition for discipline and the disciplinary hearing must destroy the fundamental fairness of the entire disciplinary process to warrant dismissal of the disciplinary case.
In disciplinary proceedings, an attorney must present sufficient evidence establishing an inability to assist in his defense owing to mental or physical incapacity to be transferred to disability inactive status.

Anderson v. Lyons, et al. 2014 ND 61
Docket No.: 20130284
Filing Date: 4/3/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Landlord/Tenant
Author: VandeWalle, Gerald

Highlight: Service of notice of entry of judgment is not required to begin the time for filing a post-judgment motion or appeal if the record clearly evidences actual knowledge of entry of judgment through affirmative action of the moving or appealing party.
No lease or grant of agricultural land reserving any rent or service of any kind for a period longer than ten years is valid.
A lease of agricultural land in perpetuity with contingencies that may terminate the lease within ten years is not invalid.

Risovi v. Job Service 2014 ND 60
Docket No.: 20130302
Filing Date: 4/3/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Administrative - Unemployment/Job Service
Author: McEvers, Lisa K. Fair

Highlight: A fact finder's conclusions that false statements were made for the purpose of obtaining unemployment benefits are affirmed if a reasoning mind could have determined that the factual conclusions were proved by the weight of the evidence.

State v. Johnson (cross ref. w/20130137 - briefs not published) 2014 ND 59
Docket No.: 20130336
Filing Date: 4/3/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Drugs/Contraband
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Criminal judgment entered after a defendant conditionally pled guilty to possession of drug paraphernalia is summarily affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(3).

State v. Silva 2014 ND 58
Docket No.: 20130266
Filing Date: 4/3/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Sexual Offense
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Convictions of gross sexual imposition and continuous sexual abuse of a child are summarily affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(4).

Holkesvig v. Grove (cross reference w/ 20120169 & 20120225) 2014 ND 57
Docket No.: 20130176
Filing Date: 4/3/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Other
Author: Kapsner, Carol

Highlight: Res judicata and collateral estoppel bar courts from relitigating claims and issues.
Although a district court is generally divested of jurisdiction over a case when a notice of appeal is filed, the court retains jurisdiction over certain collateral matters, including the court's inherent authority or power to control its docket.

Regan v. Lervold 2014 ND 56
Docket No.: 20130200
Filing Date: 4/3/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Child Support
Author: Sandstrom, Dale

Highlight: The party moving for modification of primary residential responsibility has the burden of proving a material change in circumstances has occurred.
A material change in circumstances is an important new fact not known at the time of the prior custody decree, but not every change will be sufficient to warrant a change of custody.

Vacancy in Judgeship No. 8, SCJD 2014 ND 55
Docket No.: 20140108
Filing Date: 3/31/2014
Case Type: Judicial Administration - Rule - Rule
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Supreme Court takes judicial notice of prior proceeding and orders judgeship retained and filled according to law.

Vacancy in Judgeship No. 4, NCJD 2014 ND 54
Docket No.: 20140065
Filing Date: 3/26/2014
Case Type: Judicial Administration - Rule - Rule
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Judgeship retained in Minot.

Hector v. City of Fargo 2014 ND 53
Docket No.: 20130223
Filing Date: 3/20/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Other
Author: Sandstrom, Dale

Highlight: An appeal from a decision imposing special assessments provides an adequate legal remedy for challenging special assessments, and a separate action for equitable relief generally will not lie for issues that are raised or could have been raised in the appeal.
Res judicata precludes relitigation of claims that were raised, or could have been raised, in prior actions between the same parties and means a valid, existing final judgment from a court of competent jurisdiction is conclusive with regard to claims raised or those that could have been raised in the prior action.

Union Bank v. Tarnavsky, et al. (consol. w/20130387; cross-ref. w/ 20110061) 2014 ND 52
Docket No.: 20130250
Filing Date: 3/14/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Foreclosure
Author: McEvers, Lisa K. Fair

Highlight: Orders denying motions for relief under N.D.R.Civ.P. 60(d)(1) and a judgment dismissing a cross-claim in a foreclosure case are summarily affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(1).

Haugland v. City of Bismarck (cross ref. 20110077) 2014 ND 51
Docket No.: 20130100
Filing Date: 3/14/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Tax Realted
Author: Crothers, Daniel John

Highlight: Summary judgment is inappropriate when one can draw reasonable inferences that support the positions of both sides in a controversy and a fact-finder could draw negative inferences from the absence of documentation or records in a case.
A renewal project is authorized when it is included in a municipality's duly adopted renewal plan, and the municipality may thereafter request diversion of tax increment financing funds from the normal property tax recipients until the municipality determines the cost of renewal of the area has been paid.

Judicial Conduct Commission v. Corwin 2014 ND 50
Docket No.: 20130328
Filing Date: 3/14/2014
Case Type: Discipline - Judge - Original Proceeding
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: In a judicial disciplinary proceeding, whether a judge's conduct constituted sexual harassment as defined under federal or state laws is not a relevant inquiry.
The Supreme Court may suspend a judge without pay and assess costs against him for violations of the Code of Judicial Conduct.

Rodriguez v. N.D. State Penitentiary, et al. 2014 ND 49
Docket No.: 20130335
Filing Date: 3/11/2014
Case Type: Original Proceeding - Civil - Writ of Mandamus
Author: McEvers, Lisa K. Fair

Highlight: An appeal regarding calculation of eligibility for parole becomes moot when the defendant becomes eligible for parole.

Potratz v. N.D. Dep't of Transportation 2014 ND 48
Docket No.: 20130322
Filing Date: 3/11/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Administrative - Department of Transportation
Author: McEvers, Lisa K. Fair

Highlight: Repeating the inclusion of the date within the test result portion of an officer's certified report to the Department is not necessary to satisfy the statute.
Inclusion of the percent symbol and BRAC after the numerical test result within the test result portion of a deputy's certified report to the Department does not disqualify an otherwise valid test result that satisfies the statute.
Once an analytical report is accepted by the administrative hearing officer, the burden shifts to the defendant to rebut the prima facie fairness and accuracy of the analytical report.

Fossum v. N.D. Dep't of Transportation 2014 ND 47
Docket No.: 20130310
Filing Date: 3/11/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Administrative - Department of Transportation
Author: Sandstrom, Dale

Highlight: When a person voluntarily consents to to testing, it is unnecessary to arrest and inform an individual of the reasons for arrest prior to chemical testing under the implied consent.

State v. Vandermeer 2014 ND 46
Docket No.: 20130265
Filing Date: 3/11/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Sexual Offense
Author: VandeWalle, Gerald

Highlight: As an exception to the hearsay rule, a person may testify as to his or her age and date of birth.
When the criminality of conduct depends on a child's being below the age of fifteen, it is no defense that the actor did not know the child's age, or reasonably believed the child to be older than the age of fourteen.

Vandal v. Leno 2014 ND 45
Docket No.: 20130301
Filing Date: 3/11/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Child Support
Author: VandeWalle, Gerald

Highlight: In deciding a primary residential responsibility, the district court must consider all the best interest of the child factors. A separate finding for each factor is not required, but the findings must be sufficiently specific to show the factual basis for the decision.
The district court has broad discretion in permitting, or refusing to permit, a party to reopen a case to introducie additional proof after that party has rested.

Disciplinary Board v. Howe 2014 ND 44
Docket No.: 20130299
Filing Date: 3/11/2014
Case Type: Discipline - Attorney - Original Proceeding
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: The Supreme Court may exercise jurisdiction over disciplinary matters arising from federal immigration proceedings involving a North Dakota lawyer.

State v. Benson 2014 ND 43
Docket No.: 20130179
Filing Date: 3/11/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Sexual Offense
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Conviction of continuous sexual abuse of a child is summarily affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(3) and (4).

Coppage v. State (cross reference w/20070304, 20110076, & 20120267) 2014 ND 42
Docket No.: 20130180
Filing Date: 3/11/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Post-Conviction Relief
Author: Sandstrom, Dale

Highlight: Attempted murder under circumstances manifesting an extreme indifference to the value of human life is not a cognizable offense.
Obvious error may be noticed by the Court on its own motion.
Ineffective assistance of counsel is a mixed question of fact and law, which is fully reviewable on appeal.

Osier v. State 2014 ND 41
Docket No.: 20130226
Filing Date: 3/11/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Post-Conviction Relief
Author: VandeWalle, Gerald

Highlight: To meet the prejudice prong of the Strickland ineffective assistance of counsel test, the defendant bears the heavy burden of establishing a reasonable probability that, but for counsel's unprofessional errors, the result of the proceeding would have been different.

Peterson, et al. v. Jasmanka, et al. 2014 ND 40
Docket No.: 20130162
Filing Date: 2/21/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Real Property
Author: Sandstrom, Dale

Highlight: The statutory procedure in N.D.C.C. ch. 38-18.1 allowing a surface owner to acquire abandoned minerals is a separate, distinct procedure from a subsequent quiet title action.
An alleged error in service of the notice of lapse of mineral interest upon the owner of record under N.D.C.C. 38-18.1-06(2) does not deprive the district court of personal jurisdiction in a subsequent quiet title action.
The one-year time to bring a motion for relief from judgment under N.D.R.Civ.P. 60(b)(1), (2), or (3) begins to run from the notice of entry of judgment if the opposing party appeared, but runs from the date of entry of a default judgment.

Nodak Mutual Insurance Co. v. Bahr-Renner, et al. 2014 ND 39
Docket No.: 20130091
Filing Date: 2/20/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Personal Injury
Author: Sandstrom, Dale

Highlight: The phrase "resident of your household" in an automobile insurance policy is not ambiguous, and the determination of whether a person falls within the meaning of the phrase is a question of fact.
A restrictive endorsement to an automobile insurance policy containing a step-down provision is not required to be a written agreement.
Step-down provisions that limit coverage to the statutory minimum, without stating the dollar amount of coverage, are valid.

Zavadil, et al. v. Rud, et al. 2014 ND 38
Docket No.: 20130182
Filing Date: 2/18/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Debtor/Creditor
Author: Crothers, Daniel John

Highlight: An accommodation party is obliged to pay an instrument in the capacity in which the accommodation party signs.

Balvitsch, et al. v. Dakota Burger N Fries Corp., et al. 2014 ND 37
Docket No.: 20130202
Filing Date: 2/18/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Other
Author: Kapsner, Carol

Highlight: Due process requires a contemnor receive notice and a fair hearing when the alleged contempt involves conduct outside the court's presence.
To meet due process requirements, notice must apprise the contemnor of the pendency of the action and afford an opportunity to present objections.

Tweed v. State 2014 ND 36
Docket No.: 20130246
Filing Date: 2/14/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Post-Conviction Relief
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Appeal from denial of application for post-conviction relief summarily affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(2).

Disciplinary Board v. Shaft 2014 ND 35
Docket No.: 20140050
Filing Date: 2/13/2014
Case Type: Discipline - Attorney - Original Proceeding
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Lawyer suspension ordered.

Anderson, et al. v. Zimbelman, et al. 2014 ND 34
Docket No.: 20130207
Filing Date: 2/13/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Foreclosure
Author: Crothers, Daniel John

Highlight: Constructive fraud requires a breach of duty leading to an advantage for the party misleading. The breach of duty generally arises from a confidential or fiduciary relationship between the parties.
A sheriff may collect sheriff's fees on an execution sale when moneys are received and disbursed by the sheriff. A sheriff may collect a commission on the appraised value of the property if personal property is taken by the sheriff and applied in satisfaction of a debt without sale.
Compromise of a bona fide controversy constitutes good consideration for a promise.
N.D.R.Civ.P. 52(a)(3) does not require the court to state findings or conclusions when ruling on a motion under Rule 56.

Judicial Conduct Commission v. Hagar 2014 ND 33
Docket No.: 20130278
Filing Date: 2/13/2014
Case Type: Discipline - Judge - Original Proceeding
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: A judge may be suspended without pay for a violation of the Code of Judicial Conduct.

Interest of G.R. (Confidential) 2014 ND 32
Docket No.: 20130376
Filing Date: 2/13/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Juvenile - Termination of Parental Rights
Author: Kapsner, Carol

Highlight: In termination of parental rights cases, the petitioner must prove, by clear and convincing evidence, that the child is deprived, the conditions and causes of deprivation are likely to continue or will not be remedied, and the child is suffering or will probably suffer serious physical, mental, moral, or emotional harm.
The juvenile court's findings of fact in a termination of parental rights proceeding will not be reversed on appeal unless they are clearly erroneous.

Matter of Mangelsen 2014 ND 31
Docket No.: 20130155
Filing Date: 2/13/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Civil Commitment of Sexually Dangerous Individual
Author: Kapsner, Carol

Highlight: For civil commitment as a sexually dangerous individual, the conduct relied upon to demonstrate the individual's serious difficulty controlling his behavior need not be sexual in nature.

State v. Reis (consol. w/ 20130193 & 20130194) 2014 ND 30
Docket No.: 20130192
Filing Date: 2/13/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Theft
Author: Crothers, Daniel John

Highlight: A police officer may search a vehicle without a warrant if there is probable cause to believe the vehicle contains contraband.
When a police officer has probable cause to believe a vehicle contains contraband, the officer may search the vehicle and any containers within the vehicle that may contain the object of the search, including locked containers.

Estate of Huston 2014 ND 29
Docket No.: 20130126
Filing Date: 2/13/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Probate, Wills, Trusts
Author: Crothers, Daniel John

Highlight: An order denying a petition to remove a personal representative in the unsupervised probate of an estate is appealable without a certification under N.D.R.Civ.P. 54(b).
A decision on a petition to remove a personal representative lies within the discretion of the district court.

Interest of R.L.-P. (consolidated w/ 20130383-20130386 & 20130388) 2014 ND 28
Docket No.: 20130382
Filing Date: 2/13/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Juvenile - Termination of Parental Rights
Author: Sandstrom, Dale

Highlight: Parental rights may be terminated when the children are deprived and have been in foster care more than 450 out of the previous 660 nights.
Social services has made reasonable efforts to reunite parents and their children when services have been made available and a plan has been in place to enable visitation and placement.
The Indian Child Welfare Act does not apply when an Indian tribe has determined the parent is not a member of the tribe.

Delaney v. State 2014 ND 27
Docket No.: 20130260
Filing Date: 2/13/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Post-Conviction Relief
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Order denying application for post-conviction relief summarily affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(2) and (7).

Brockel v. WSI 2014 ND 26
Docket No.: 20130166
Filing Date: 2/13/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Administrative - Workers Compensation
Author: Kapsner, Carol

Highlight: Until proper notice is given, Workforce Safety and Insurance cannot terminate disability benefits on the basis that the claimant failed to verify disability.
When treatment for a work-related injury is prolonged because of nonwork-related medical conditions, the claimant is entitled to continued disability benefits during the entire period because the existence of the nonwork-related condition does not change the fact that the work-related injury rendered the claimant unable to work.
The essence of the concept of disability under workers compensation law is the proper balancing of medical and wage-loss factors.

Bredeson v. Mackey 2014 ND 25
Docket No.: 20130254
Filing Date: 2/13/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Child Support
Author: McEvers, Lisa K. Fair

Highlight: Marriage of one or both parents may constitute a change of circumstances that is not material and therefore does not require modification of parenting time.
Non-parental visitation requires exceptional circumstances, such as a long-standing relationship between the child and the stepparent or a stepparent who is a psychological parent to the child.

Wampler v. N.D. Dep't of Transportation 2014 ND 24
Docket No.: 20130330
Filing Date: 2/13/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Administrative - Department of Transportation
Author: Kapsner, Carol

Highlight: The Department of Transportation must meet the basic and mandatory provisions of N.D.C.C. 39-20-03.1 to have authority to suspend a person's driving privileges.
Inclusion of the blood alcohol test results in the officer's certified report to the Department is a basic and mandatory provision of the statute.
Inclusion of the specific phrase "by weight" on the officer's certified report to the Department is not necessary to satisfy N.D.C.C. 39-20-03.1.

Hamre v. N.D. Dep't of Transportation 2014 ND 23
Docket No.: 20130257
Filing Date: 2/13/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Administrative - Department of Transportation
Author: Crothers, Daniel John

Highlight: A person appealing to the district court from a Department of Transportation decision to suspend privileges must comply with the specifications of error requirements under N.D.C.C. 28-32-42(4).
The law the public is charged with having notice of includes judicial interpretations of statutes.

Brandt v. Brandt 2014 ND 22
Docket No.: 20130109
Filing Date: 2/13/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Divorce - Property
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Divorce judgment distributing parties' marital property and order denying post-judgment motion are summarily affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(2) and (4).

Swearingen v. State (cross-ref. w/20130063) 2014 ND 21
Docket No.: 20130319
Filing Date: 2/13/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Post-Conviction Relief
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: A district court judgment denying post-conviction relief application is summarily affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(2) and (7).

Oie v. State 2014 ND 20
Docket No.: 20130275
Filing Date: 2/13/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Post-Conviction Relief
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: District court judgment denying application for postconviction relief summarily affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(7).

Disciplinary Board v. Summers (Consolidated w/ 20130415 & 20130416) 2014 ND 19
Docket No.: 20130414
Filing Date: 2/12/2014
Case Type: Discipline - Attorney - Original Proceeding
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Lawyer suspension ordered.

State v. Cook 2014 ND 18
Docket No.: 20130277
Filing Date: 2/10/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Drugs/Contraband
Author: Kapsner, Carol

Highlight: An appellant assumes the consequences and the risk for the failure to file a complete transcript. If the record on appeal does not allow for a meaningful and intelligent review of alleged error, the issue will not be reviewed. When an appellant fails to comply with the rules of appellate procedure so that meaningful review of his issues is impossible, the appeal may be dismissed.

Disciplinary Board v. Howe 2014 ND 17
Docket No.: 20140035
Filing Date: 1/31/2014
Case Type: Discipline - Attorney - Original Proceeding
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Interim suspension vacated.

Vacancy in Judgeship No. 8, SCJD 2014 ND 16
Docket No.: 20140003
Filing Date: 1/30/2014
Case Type: Judicial Administration - Rule - Rule
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Judgeship retained at Linton.

Vacancy in Judgeship No. 1, ECJD 2014 ND 15
Docket No.: 20140008
Filing Date: 1/28/2014
Case Type: Judicial Administration - Rule - Rule
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Judgeship retained in Fargo.

State v. Holbach (cross-reference w/ 20120155 & 20120215) 2014 ND 14
Docket No.: 20130016
Filing Date: 1/28/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Misc. Felony
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Due process prohibits the criminal prosecution of defendants who, as a result of a mental disease or defect, lack capacity to understand the proceedings against them or to assist in their defense.
Defendants found not competent to stand trial may be committed to the State Hospital under the statutory procedures and safeguards for civil commitment.

Schwalk v. Schwalk, et al. 2014 ND 13
Docket No.: 20130225
Filing Date: 1/17/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Child Support
Author: Kapsner, Carol

Highlight: A hearing is not required by law to modify a child support obligation.
A party seeking modification of a child support obligation has the burden of proving the existing amount of support does not conform to the guidelines.

Entzel v. Moritz Sport and Marine 2014 ND 12
Docket No.: 20130157
Filing Date: 1/17/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Contracts
Author: Kapsner, Carol

Highlight: A force majeure clause is equivalent to an affirmative defense.
A party relying on a force majeure clause to excuse performance bears the burden of proving that the event was beyond its control and without its fault or negligence.
Appellant was not a prevailing plaintiff where the district court's award of partial damages to appellant was reversed on appeal.

Forbes Equity Exchange, Inc. v. Jensen 2014 ND 11
Docket No.: 20130199
Filing Date: 1/17/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Contracts
Author: VandeWalle, Gerald

Highlight: An assignee acquires no greater rights than those of the assignor.
In an action on an assigned claim, the assignee is ordinarily subject to any setoff or counterclaim available to the obligor against the assignor that could have been asserted against the assignor at the time of the assignment.

Phillips v. State 2014 ND 10
Docket No.: 20130151
Filing Date: 1/14/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Post-Conviction Relief
Author: Sandstrom, Dale V.

Highlight: A separate appeal from an order denying the transcript of a post-conviction relief hearing is unnecessary when an appeal from an order denying post-conviction relief is already pending.
When an indigent defendant has demonstrated a particularized need for a transcript, the district court abuses its discretion in denying his request for a free transcript.

Holkesvig v. Dakota Spas 2014 ND 9
Docket No.: 20130214
Filing Date: 1/14/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Other
Author: Sandstrom, Dale

Highlight: A disorderly conduct restraining order can be sought only against a human being.

Gustafson, et al. v. Gustafson, et al. 2014 ND 8
Docket No.: 20130206
Filing Date: 1/14/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Oil, Gas and Minerals
Author: Sandstrom, Dale

Highlight: A telephone call is not an appearance entitling a party to notice before entry of default judgment when the party speaks to no one and leaves only a recorded message stating his name and requesting a return call.

Trosen v. Trosen, et al. 2014 ND 7
Docket No.: 20130034
Filing Date: 1/4/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Real Property
Author: Kapsner, Carol

Highlight: To satisfy the statute of frauds, a writing must contain all of the essential or material terms and conditions of the contract, and parole evidence may not be used to supply a missing essential term of the agreement.
Part performance of an agreement or contract for the leasing of property for longer than a one-year may bar the assertion of the statute of frauds.
To succeed on a claim of part performance, a party must first prove the circumstances of the case meet the general prerequisites to equitable relief and the party must show that the alleged part performance is consistent only with the existence of the alleged oral contract.

Broadwell v. State (cross-reference w/20120224) 2014 ND 6
Docket No.: 20130211
Filing Date: 1/14/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Post-Conviction Relief
Author: Kapsner, Carol

Highlight: Courts need not address both elements of the ineffective assistance of counsel test, and if a court can dispose of the case by addressing only one element, it is encouraged to do so.

Conzemius v. Conzemius 2014 ND 5
Docket No.: 20130125
Filing Date: 1/14/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Child Support
Author: Sandstrom, Dale

Highlight: A district court is not required to calculate speculative, distant future tax consequences when dividing marital property.
A party's income under the Child Support Guidelines will not necessarily be equal to the party's earning ability under a spousal support analysis.

State v. Hart (consolidated w/20130168) 2014 ND 4
Docket No.: 20130165
Filing Date: 1/14/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Drugs/Contraband
Author: VandeWalle, Gerald

Highlight: Police may conduct a warrantless protective sweep inside a home when officers possess a reasonable belief, based on specific and articulable facts, which, taken together with rational inferences drawn from those facts, reasonably warrant the officer in believing that the area to be swept harbors an individual posing a danger to the officer or others.
A warrantless protective sweep of a home is not justified when officers rely on evidence seized from a different residence and the only connection between the two houses is the fact that one of the suspects was previously at the first residence searched and then left.

Sagebrush Resources, LLC v. Peterson, et al. 2014 ND 3
Docket No.: 20130080
Filing Date: 1/14/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Torts (Negligence, Liab., Nuis.)
Author: Kapsner, Carol

Highlight: A district court may award attorney fees for allegations and denials in any pleadings in court that are made without reasonable cause and not in good faith and are found to be untrue.

Lucas v. Lucas (cross-reference w/20110365) 2014 ND 2
Docket No.: 20130070
Filing Date: 1/14/2014
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Child Support
Author: Kapsner, Carol

Highlight: A district court has broad discretion in making a primary residential responsibility decision, but the court must consider all of the relevant statutory best-interest factors in reaching its decision.
Although a separate finding is not required for each statutory best-interest factor, the district court's findings must contain sufficient specificity to show the factual basis for the primary residential responsibility decision.

Disciplinary Board v. Tollefson (Consolidated w/ 20130344 & 20130345) 2014 ND 1
Docket No.: 20130343
Filing Date: 1/9/2014
Case Type: Discipline - Attorney - Original Proceeding
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Lawyer disbarred.

Reep, et al. v. State, et al. (consolidated w/20130111) 2013 ND 253
Docket No.: 20130110
Filing Date: 12/26/2013
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Oil, Gas and Minerals
Author: Sandstrom, Dale

Highlight: The State of North Dakota owned mineral interests under the shore zone of navigable waters upon admission to the Union, and the anti-gift clause of the state constitution precludes construing a statute as a gift of the State's mineral interests to upland owners.
Ownership of mineral interests under the shore zone of navigable waters may differ for individual upland owners.
If the chain of title reflects the State granted its equal footing interests to upland owners, those upland owners take to the low watermark, subject to the public trust doctrine and except where the deed provides otherwise.

State v. Nguyen 2013 ND 252
Docket No.: 20130159
Filing Date: 12/26/2013
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Drugs/Contraband
Author: Maring, Mary

Highlight: The use of a drug-sniffing dog in a common hallway of a secured apartment building does not constitute an unreasonable search.

Tollefson v. Bjornstad, et al. (cross-reference w/20120347) 2013 ND 251
Docket No.: 20130229
Filing Date: 12/24/2013
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Personal Injury
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: An order denying a motion under N.D.R.Civ.P. 60(b) to vacate prior orders entered in a civil RICO action is summarily affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(4).

Disciplinary Board v. Hardwick (Consolidated w/ 20130289) 2013 ND 250
Docket No.: 20130288
Filing Date: 12/23/2013
Case Type: Discipline - Attorney - Original Proceeding
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Lawyer discipline imposed.

Dominguez v. State 2013 ND 249
Docket No.: 20130098
Filing Date: 12/19/2013
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Post-Conviction Relief
Author: Sandstrom, Dale

Highlight: To commit an attempt offense, the accused must have an intent to commit the underlying crime.
Attempted murder committed under circumstances manifesting an extreme indifference to the value of human life is not a cognizable offense, because the accused must have an intent to kill for attempted murder and murder under circumstance manifesting an extreme indifference to the value of human life results in an unintentional death.

Guthmiller Farms v. Guthmiller, et al. 2013 ND 248
Docket No.: 20130156
Filing Date: 12/19/2013
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Real Property
Author: Crothers, Daniel John

Highlight: A limited liability partnership that loses its registration is still a partnership for the purposes of conducting business. A successor partnership has the ability to sue and be sued in the name of the partnership under N.D.C.C. 45-15-07.
A consideration clause in an agreement is presumptive evidence that consideration exists for the agreement.
Consideration may be executed or executory in whole or in part, so long as it was given in consideration of the agreement at issue.

Interest of D.O. (Confidential) 2013 ND 247
Docket No.: 20130174
Filing Date: 12/19/2013
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Juvenile Law
Author: Crothers, Daniel John

Highlight: When a defendant argues false or misleading testimony was presented in support of a search warrant, a Franks hearing must be held to determine whether law enforcement omitted facts with the intent or in reckless disregard of whether they were misleading. The affidavit also must not have been sufficient to support probable cause for the search warrant if omitted information had been included.
All information providing probable cause must be considered together, and in a commonsense and realistic fashion.
The right to confrontation is a trial right and does not apply to the same extent in pretrial hearings.
The State must show reasonable grounds exist to transfer a juvenile's case to the district court.

Peltier v. State (consolidated w/20130010) 2013 ND 246
Docket No.: 20120447
Filing Date: 12/19/2013
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Post-Conviction Relief
Author: Kapsner, Carol

Highlight: A clerical error correctable under N.D.R.Crim.P. 36 includes a failure to accurately record action taken by the court, but the rule does not extend to correction of errors of substance.
Resentencing under N.D.R.Crim.P. 35 is proper in order to correct an illegal sentence.
Probationary sentences for conviction of the crime of failure to register as a sexual offender are imposed under N.D.C.C. 12.1-32-15(9), not N.D.C.C. 12.1-32-06.1(3).

Krueger v. Krueger (Cross-reference w/20070196) 2013 ND 245
Docket No.: 20130129
Filing Date: 12/19/2013
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Divorce - Property
Author: Maring, Mary

Highlight: A party seeking a contempt sanction must clearly and satisfactorily prove the alleged contempt was committed. An inability to comply with an order is a defense to contempt proceedings, but the alleged contemnor has the burden to prove the defense.

Stensland v. Disciplinary Board 2013 ND 244
Docket No.: 20130008
Filing Date: 12/19/2013
Case Type: Discipline - Attorney - Original Proceeding
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: A suspended lawyer has the burden of establishing by clear and convincing evidence the requisite honesty and integrity to be reinstated to the practice of law.
A suspended lawyer who is engaging in the unauthorized practice of law and who makes false claims to the Supreme Court has failed to satisfy his burden for reinstatement.

Rath v. Rath (cross reference w/20130327 & 20130025) 2013 ND 243
Docket No.: 20130184
Filing Date: 12/19/2013
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Child Support
Author: Kapsner, Carol

Highlight: Technical violations of a court order do not necessarily require a finding of contempt.
A district court's decision on a motion for recusal is reviewed under the abuse of discretion standard.

State, et al. v. B.B., et al. (confidential) 2013 ND 242
Docket No.: 20130178
Filing Date: 12/13/2013
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Paternity
Author: Sandstrom, Dale

Highlight: A paternity and support claim can be bifurcated from a related custody action.
A state district court has jurisdiction over a paternity and support action against a non-Indian.

Dahm v. Stark County Board of County Commissioners 2013 ND 241
Docket No.: 20130238
Filing Date: 12/19/2013
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Real Property
Author: VandeWalle, Gerald

Highlight: The decision of a board of county commissioners on whether to approve an application for a zoning change and plat approval will be affirmed unless the board acted arbitrarily or unreasonably, or if there is not substantial evidence supporting the decision.
On appeal from a decision of a county board, a reconsideration of the evidence is limited to the extent that such evidence was presented to the county board, and the burden is on the moving party to show that the decision of the county board was arbitrary, capricious, or unreasonable.
The moving party cannot turn an appeal from a denial of a change in zoning request into an inverse condemnation action.

Bahtiraj v. State 2013 ND 240
Docket No.: 20130113
Filing Date: 12/19/2013
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Post-Conviction Relief
Author: Maring, Mary

Highlight: Without more, the second Strickland prong is not satisfied by a self-serving statement that the petitioner would have insisted on going to trial. Factors to consider when determining the rationality of rejecting a guilty plea and insisting on going to trial include immigration consequences, strength of the case against the petitioner, and rational defenses to the charged crime.

State v. Otto 2013 ND 239
Docket No.: 20130096
Filing Date: 12/19/2013
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Drugs/Contraband
Author: Sandstrom, Dale

Highlight: The automobile exception to the Fourth Amendment's warrant requirement applies to a readily mobile camper that is not in a place regularly used for residential purposes.

Kinsella v. State 2013 ND 238
Docket No.: 20130150
Filing Date: 12/19/2013
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Post-Conviction Relief
Author: VandeWalle, Gerald

Highlight: Failure to move pretrial to suppress evidence, by itself, does not equate to ineffective assistance of counsel. Where evidence allegedly seized in violation of the Fourth Amendment, but where counsel has no reason to question the search and seizure, failure to file a motion to suppress does not render the representation ineffective.

Morton County Social Service Board, et al. v. Houim 2013 ND 237
Docket No.: 20130095
Filing Date: 12/19/2013
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Child Support
Author: Crothers, Daniel John

Highlight: When a party moves to modify primary residential responsibility of a child, the district court must consider only the party's motion on briefs, affidavits, and other supporting documents to determine whether the moving party established a prima facie case and is entitled to an evidentiary hearing.
Evidence that the child's present environment may endanger the child's health or evidence of a parent's suicide attempt constitute material changes of circumstance that may justify a modification of primary residential responsibility and establish a prima facie case.

State v. Canfield 2013 ND 236
Docket No.: 20130141
Filing Date: 12/19/2013
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Drugs/Contraband
Author: Kapsner, Carol

Highlight: An inadequate record may make appellate review of the district court's denial of a suppression motion impossible, thus requiring reversal and remand for further proceedings.

Parsons v. WSI 2013 ND 235
Docket No.: 20130197
Filing Date: 12/19/2013
Case Type: Appeal - Administrative - Workers Compensation
Author: Maring, Mary

Highlight: A claimant for workers' compensation benefits must prove by a preponderance of the evidence that the medical condition for which benefits are sought is causally related to a work injury.
If a claimant has a preexisting condition, but a preponderance of the evidence shows the medical condition for which benefits are being sought is causally related to a work injury and not attributable to a preexisting condition, the preexisting condition analysis to determine whether the injury is compensable does not apply.

State v. One 2002 Dodge Intrepid Automobile 2013 ND 234
Docket No.: 20130186
Filing Date: 12/19/2013
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Other
Author: Kapsner, Carol

Highlight: Due process requires that a notice of forfeiture hearing be served on any interested party.
Mailing the required notice to an individual at a residential address, when that individual is presently incarcerated within the state, violates the individual's right to due process.

Matter of Muscha 2013 ND 233
Docket No.: 20130154
Filing Date: 12/19/2013
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Civil Commitment of Sexually Dangerous Individual
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Order civilly committing appellant as a sexually dangerous individual is summarily affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(4).

State v. Fee (consol. 20130177) 2013 ND 232
Docket No.: 20130175
Filing Date: 12/19/2013
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Drugs/Contraband
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: A district court judgment forfeiting property connected to criminal activity is affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(2).

State v. Ruddell 2013 ND 231
Docket No.: 20130209
Filing Date: 12/19/2013
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Misc. Felony
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: A criminal judgment entered for abandonment or nonsupport of a child is affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(3).

State v. Kippen (consolidated w/20130263) 2013 ND 230
Docket No.: 20130239
Filing Date: 12/19/2013
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - DUI/DUS/APC
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Convictions of driving under the influence of alcohol and driving with a suspended license are summarily affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(3).

State v. Kaka 2013 ND 229
Docket No.: 20130158
Filing Date: 12/19/2013
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Theft
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Conviction for burglary and theft of property is summarily affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(3).

Johnson v. State 2013 ND 228
Docket No.: 20130228
Filing Date: 12/19/2013
Case Type: Appeal - Civil - Post-Conviction Relief
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Order dismissing application for post-conviction relief summarily affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(7).

Reciprocal Discipline of Murrin 2013 ND 227
Docket No.: 20130355
Filing Date: 12/18/2013
Case Type: Discipline - Attorney - Original Proceeding
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Lawyer suspension ordered.

Industrial Contractors, Inc. v. WSI, et al. 2013 ND 226
Docket No.: 20130185
Filing Date: 12/16/2013
Case Type: Appeal - Administrative - Workers Compensation
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: A district court judgment affirming an administrative law judge's order, which affirmed WSI's order awarding benefits to a claimant, is summarily affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(5).

Vacancy in Judgeship No. 6, East Central Judicial District 2013 ND 225
Docket No.: 20130389
Filing Date: 12/10/2013
Case Type: Judicial Administration - Rule - Rule
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: Judgeship retained at Fargo.

State v. Rau 2013 ND 224
Docket No.: 20130187
Filing Date: 12/10/2013
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Drugs/Contraband
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: A conviction of possession of drug paraphernalia is summarily affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(3).

State v. Kling 2013 ND 223
Docket No.: 20130103
Filing Date: 12/4/2013
Case Type: Appeal - Criminal - Misc. Misdemeanor
Author: Per Curiam

Highlight: A criminal judgment for disorderly conduct is summarily affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(3) and (7).