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New opinions: Dec. 12 Thursday, December 12, 2019

The Supreme Court has issued 20 new opinions. Summaries of the non-per curiam opinions are below.

To see an opinion, click on the "View Opinion" button. Opinions will display in a printable format. Hyperlinks to all North Dakota opinions and rules cited in the opinion are included in the text: hover over the citation and click to follow the hyperlink.

See other Supreme Court opinions at: /supreme-court/opinions

WSI v. Salat, et al. 2019 ND 294
Docket No.: 20190056
Filing Date: 12/12/2019
Case Type: WORKERS COMPENSATION
Author: Crothers, Daniel John

Highlight: A reasoning mind could reasonably determine the claimant was unable to work and earn as much as he earned at the time of his injury and the claimant suffered low back pain that was attributable to the compensable work injury after November 11, 2016.

State v. Dubois 2019 ND 284
Docket No.: 20190062
Filing Date: 12/12/2019
Case Type: MISC. STATUTORY OFFENSE (FELONY)
Author: McEvers, Lisa K. Fair

Highlight: A district court is authorized to revoke probation for a violation prior to expiration or termination of probation under N.D.C.C. § 12.1-32-07(6). A court has discretion in sentencing and need not explicitly reference the statutory sentence factors when fixing a sentence. Section 12.1-32-07(6), N.D.C.C., permits a district court to impose any sentence available at the initial time of sentencing upon revocation of probation. Issues not raised in the district court cannot generally be raised for the first time on appeal, absent obvious error.

State v. Komrosky 2019 ND 300
Docket No.: 20190065
Filing Date: 12/12/2019
Case Type: DRUGS/CONTRABAND
Author: VandeWalle, Gerald W.

Highlight: Warrantless discovery of evidence in a defendant’s home is justified under the emergency exception to the warrant requirement if entry was actually motivated by a perceived need to render aid or assistance.

An objective standard of reasonableness is used in determining whether law enforcement had reasonable grounds to believe there was an emergency at hand and an immediate need for their assistance for the protection of life or property.

Plain view is a recognized exception to the warrant requirement, allowing law enforcement officers to seize a clearly incriminating object without a warrant if the officers are lawfully in a position from which they can view an object and the object’s incriminating character is immediately apparent.

State v. Pailing 2019 ND 283
Docket No.: 20190086
Filing Date: 12/12/2019
Case Type: DRUGS/CONTRABAND
Author: Crothers, Daniel John

Highlight: A district court did not violate the defendant’s due process rights or abuse its discretion in overruling the defendant’s objection and denying the motion for mistrial concerning the State’s anecdote during closing argument.

Open Road Trucking v. Swanson, et al. 2019 ND 295
Docket No.: 20190091
Filing Date: 12/12/2019
Case Type: DEBTOR/CREDITOR
Author: VandeWalle, Gerald W.

Highlight: A judgment debtor who pays more than his or her proportionate share of a judgment may take an assignment of the judgment for the purpose of enforcing contribution against co-debtors.

Thomas v. Thomas 2019 ND 299
Docket No.: 20190094
Filing Date: 12/12/2019
Case Type: CHILD CUST & SUPPORT (Div.\Other)
Author: McEvers, Lisa K. Fair

Highlight: Section 14-09-06.2(1)(j), N.D.C.C, creates a rebuttable presumption against awarding custody of a child to a perpetrator of domestic violence if certain criteria is met. A district court is not bound to accept stipulations regarding custody and care of children if it finds the stipulations are not in the best interests of the child. A district court’s findings and conclusions regarding the presumption and stipulations should be sufficiently detailed to allow this Court to understand the basis for its decision.

Jesser v. N.D. Dep't of Transportation 2019 ND 287
Docket No.: 20190101
Filing Date: 12/12/2019
Case Type: TRANSPORTATION DEPT.
Author: Crothers, Daniel John

Highlight: A driver’s limited post-arrest statutory right to counsel does not apply prior to arrest, and the holding in Kuntz v. State Highway Commissioner, 405 N.W.2d 285 (N.D. 1987) is not extended to N.D.C.C. § 39-20-14.

Stein v. State 2019 ND 291
Docket No.: 20190114
Filing Date: 12/12/2019
Case Type: POST-CONVICTION RELIEF
Author: Crothers, Daniel John

Highlight: A district court was not clearly erroneous in denying the application for post-conviction relief.

Skaw ND Precast, LLC v. Oil Capital Ready Mix, LLC, et al. 2019 ND 296
Docket No.: 20190138
Filing Date: 12/12/2019
Case Type: OTHER (Civil)
Author: VandeWalle, Gerald W.

Highlight: When a lessor sells property that is subject to an unfulfilled lease, the buyer takes the property subject to the terms of the lease.
A lease is an agreement under which the owner gives up possession and use of property for valuable consideration and for a definite term and at the end of the term the owner has the absolute right to retake, control, and use the property.
Conversion is the tortious detention or destruction of personal property, or a wrongful exercise of dominion or control over the property inconsistent with or in defiance of the rights of the owner.
The detriment caused by the wrongful conversion of personal property includes fair compensation for the time and money properly expended in pursuit of the property.

City of Fargo v. Wieland 2019 ND 286
Docket No.: 20190153
Filing Date: 12/12/2019
Case Type: REAL PROPERTY
Author: McEvers, Lisa K. Fair

Highlight: Flood control projects are a public use for eminent domain purposes.

In the absence of bad faith, gross abuse of discretion, or fraud by the condemning authority in its determination that the property sought is necessary for the authorized use and is pursuant to specific statutory authority, such determination should not be disturbed by the courts.

The question of greater necessity is for a court to resolve.

When no statutory remedy is provided for a statutory violation, the court looks to whether the victim of the violation was prejudiced because absent a showing of prejudice, a statutory violation is not reversible error.

State ex rel. City of Marion v. Alber 2019 ND 289
Docket No.: 20190170
Filing Date: 12/12/2019
Case Type: OTHER (Civil)
Author: Jensen, Jon J.

Highlight: Res judicata principles prohibit the review of arguments raised in earlier appeals.

This Court will not consider an argument that is not adequately articulated, supported, and briefed.

State v. Rose 2019 ND 298
Docket No.: 20190176
Filing Date: 12/12/2019
Case Type: CHILD CUST & SUPPORT (Div.\Other)
Author: McEvers, Lisa K. Fair

Highlight: Statutes are generally not retroactive unless the legislature expressly declares so.

The law in effect when court proceedings occurred and the district court issued its decision is controlling.

Edwardson v. State 2019 ND 297
Docket No.: 20190182
Filing Date: 12/12/2019
Case Type: POST-CONVICTION RELIEF
Author: Jensen, Jon J.

Highlight: Whether a petitioner received?ineffective?assistance?of counsel is a mixed question of law and fact and is fully reviewable on appeal. The district court’s findings of fact will not be disturbed on appeal unless clearly erroneous.

A district court’s findings supporting the denial of appellant’s application for post-conviction relief were not clearly erroneous.

State v. Walker 2019 ND 292
Docket No.: 20190186
Filing Date: 12/12/2019
Case Type: THEFT
Author: Crothers, Daniel John

Highlight: A district court did not abuse its discretion when it ordered restitution against a defendant who pled guilty to theft for possession of a stolen motorcycle, and that motorcycle was returned damaged to the victim.

Lindstrom v. N.D. Dep't of Transportation 2019 ND 293
Docket No.: 20190204
Filing Date: 12/12/2019
Case Type: TRANSPORTATION DEPT.
Author: Crothers, Daniel John

Highlight: A reasoning mind could have reasonably found a report and notice was forwarded to the Department within five days of the issuance of the temporary operator’s permit as required by law. The hearing officer’s decision to suspend the appellant’s license for 180 days is affirmed.

State v. Comes 2019 ND 290
Docket No.: 20190213
Filing Date: 12/12/2019
Case Type: HOMICIDE
Author: Jensen, Jon J.

Highlight: When both N.D.C.C. § 12.1-32-09.1 and N.D.C.C. § 12.1-32-01(1) apply to a defendant’s sentence, the defendant is not eligible for parole until eighty-five percent of the sentence has been served or thirty years after admission to the penitentiary, whichever is greater.